Essa's

"George Essa laid face down in the fertile black soil of the Cilician Plain outside the city of Adana in the heart of the Ottoman Empire. The soil around him was moist, but it was not from rain, it was from the blood of the dead and dying in his midst. He dared not move, he dared not even breathe as it might betray to his tormentors that he was actually still alive."

John and Amina Essa (courtesy Peter Essa)

Tom Essa (courtesy Pete Binno)

Via U.S. Library of Congress TITLE: Adana - Street in Christian Quarter, June '09 CALL NUMBER: LC-B2- 819-5[P&P] REPRODUCTION NUMBER: LC-DIG-ggbain-50065 (digital file from original negative) RIGHTS INFORMATION: No known restrictions on publication. MEDIUM: 1 negative : glass ; 5 x 7 in. or smaller. CREATED/PUBLISHED: June '09. CREATOR: Bain News Service, publisher.

Source: The Armenian Genocide, Arte France, The cie des Phares et Balises
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Adanabodies.JPG]

Abdulhamit II, Sultan of the Turks, 1842-1918, George Grantham Bain Collection, Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress, circa 1890
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Abdulhamid21890.jpg]

Detroiters in Riot on Negro Project, New York Times, March 1, 1942.

Black Bottom
Map source: Google Maps
Location source:
Gavrilovich, P., McGraw, B. Ed., The Detroit Almanac: 300 years of life in the Motor City, Detroit Free Press, Detroit, 2001, p. 108.
Williams, J., Detroit: The Black Bottom Community, Arcadia Publishing, 2009, p.7.

Housing Race Bias Evident in North, New York Times, April 15, 1951.

Race War in Detroit, Life, July 5, 1943, pp. 94-95.

Quit Claim Deed, 205 Alfred Street, Detroit, MI, January 9, 1973.

Any copyrighted material incorporated on this site is used in "fair use", for the purpose of study, review or critical analysis only, and will be removed at the request of the copyright holder. Contact Webmaster at jmk@63alfred.com

Copyright © 2004-2010 John Kossik, All Rights Reserved.
Contact | About the Author